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Yes import and export is where most countries rely on especially on commodities, technology and machineries. But what really is the root of export and import is the abundance of resources.
Unfortunately a controversial statement - there are many examples of countries that have excellent resources, but the population lives very poor. Resources in "crooked hands" are just a resource for corruption schemes and building a primitive raw material economy aimed at the primary processing of raw materials (scooti its extraction and "packaging"). The main income is obtained when the resource is transformed into a final product with a HUGE added value. A simple example is oil. It is extracted, poured into a tanker, sold. Between the cost of extraction and the selling price, let's say 50%. But if you take gasoline as the final product - between the cost of oil and gasoline - the difference will be huge. Or silicon - extracted, purified and "poured into boxes" - the margin is also tens of percent. And between 1 kg of silicon and processors that will be produced from it - the difference is many orders of magnitude! Therefore, the modern world is dependent on resources, but the main beneficiary is the one who has the technology to transform it into a product with a huge added value.
Yeah exactly that is actually had happened here in my country a lot of corrupt politicians I think majority of them has anomalies. Our country is rish in natural resources but we are having a hard time extracting and processing it to the final product so that's where we rely on other country's high technology which will also be having shares from the profit of extracted mineral. This actually a never ending problem if we are talking about politics which controls the entire country including those resources.
The problem of corruption elevated to the status of power, through the construction of an oligarchic system of power sharing, is also well known in my country ... I am ashamed and unpleasant, but it is true. But I have to note that the population of my country's "patience broke" at the end of 2013, and the oligarchic-corrupt government was destroyed. No, I will not make up a fairy tale that such a model of power was completely destroyed, but there are still elements of it. But if no action is taken, after some time the power in the country will become absolute, total, and it will no longer have the slightest interest in the population. And we can observe many such examples. It should be added - having TOTAL power, local "gods" do not think about the efficiency of the economy, they are interested only in money. The disenfranchised population will extract resources for pennies, the authorities will sell it at their discretion, and 99% of the income will remain in their pockets. And the population will be told about "external enemies", "world conspiracy", "insidious capitalists", etc. "fairy tales". Therefore, we must realize that the population of the country is the power. Presidents, ministers, deputies are hired managers, hired by the population of the country and paid by the population of the country. And the population of the country, as an employer, should manage these "hired personnel" but not vice versa.
And hired managers should offer solutions to increase efficiency:
- economy and industry
- social, domestic and foreign policy
- defense
etc.