I don't think that all ICOs are scam. Maybe there are some ICO that completely disappeared after the end, but you cannot justify all of them are. There are lots of altcoins nowadays that are successful and they all started with ICO. Just be mindful of the offerings that new ICOs give, if the payouts is too much to be true then better watchout. Just do research when you intend to join one, especially if you want to invest. If you want to have bigger assurance, just look for campaign managers who have run ICOs that paid.
Yes, that's true. Not all ICO is a scam. I have read in a post in the other forum that, "99 out of every 100 ICO projects is a fraud or a scam" that was according to a certain smart contract developer. Well, according to this
article...
Projects which were not meant to deceive anybody are (wrongly) named among scams due to several reasons:
Hacker attacks — that is, as a result of breaking into the founders’ accounts, e-mail and wallets.
Management problems — when a project can not launch a product owing to a discord in its team or simply because of inept management. It is typical of all startups.
ICO failure. The projects, that did not manage to collect sufficient sums during their ICOs, often do not live to see their listing and the issued tokens turn out to be absolutely worthless.