Launching a crypto project is like launching a business, it might work but have a high chance of failing.
How to know then, if a project/coin is a scam or not?
Here's the obvious red flags:
1- Rug pull: If rug pull happened, you have been scammed. By removing the liquidity pool, you are stuck with whatever coins you bought.
exception: The only exception would be if the removed liquidity is equal or lower to initial liquidity (in the popular pair):
ex: LP: added 100shitcoin/1eth , removed 120shitcoin/0.7eth
This indicates that the project did not get the attention it wanted, and they decided to cut their losses.
2- Presale that never creates a LP and vanishes: Another typical scam, creating and advertising a presale of tokens, sending you the tokens, then removing the site and social media, and leaving you with worthless tokens.
3- Wallets distribution and dumping: Another tactic used by crypto scammers is distributing a big percentage of the token total supply to many wallets operated by deployer. Before creating liquidity pool, the deployer distribute to his own wallets (can be up to a 100 wallet), huge amounts of tokens, total usually is higher than 50% (even 80-90%). Then even if the scammer creates liquidity pool and locks it, he will dump these tokens on the buyers, rendering the token worthless and causing it to lose 90-99% of it's value.
4- Token Freezing: certain networks allow to have token freeze, buyers will be able to buy but will not be able to sell, and deployer dumps the tokens on the buyers.
5- Not sending the coins: This affects exchanges, mixers etc : when you do an exchange or mix, and never get your coins back, especially if there's no indication why, then you have been scammed.
Less obvious red flags:
1- Initial dumping by deployer or team: If the deployer or team dumps in big quantities it means they are after the money and nothing else. Added info: such a behaviour breaks the project, and as a result it can never recover.
2- A meme coin, that keeps telling the investors that it would be among the top 100 coins.
3- Any token or coin that promises 10-100x when it's market cap does not allow it. Example: a coin that have a market cap of $100 million, can not promise 100x, because that would mean it will have a market cap of 10 billion.
4- Any coin or token , inflating telegram, twitter and social media followers with fake bots > to create FOMO > thus cheating investors.
5- Projects asking their communities to vote on a decision, then choosing the more greedy decision without regard to the vote. Or trying to fake the vote with fake bots.
6- Projects employing market makers that clearly manipulate the market.